سُورَةٌ أَنزَلۡنَٰهَا وَفَرَضۡنَٰهَا
˹This is˺ a sûrah which We have revealed and made ˹its rulings˺ obligatory,
وَأَنزَلۡنَا فِيهَآ ءَايَٰتِۭ بَيِّنَٰتٖ
and revealed in it clear commandments
لَّعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ ١
so that you may be mindful.
ٱلزَّانِيَةُ وَٱلزَّانِي فَٱجۡلِدُواْ كُلَّ وَٰحِدٖ مِّنۡهُمَا مِاْئَةَ جَلۡدَةٖۖ
As for female and male fornicators, give each of them one hundred lashes,
وَلَا تَأۡخُذۡكُم بِهِمَا رَأۡفَةٞ فِي دِينِ ٱللَّهِ
and do not let pity for them make you lenient in ˹enforcing˺ the law of Allah,
إِن كُنتُمۡ تُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِۖ
if you ˹truly˺ believe in Allah and the Last Day.
وَلۡيَشۡهَدۡ عَذَابَهُمَا طَآئِفَةٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٢
And let a number of believers witness their punishment.
ٱلزَّانِي لَا يَنكِحُ إِلَّا زَانِيَةً أَوۡ مُشۡرِكَةٗ
A male fornicator would only marry a female fornicator or idolatress.
وَٱلزَّانِيَةُ لَا يَنكِحُهَآ إِلَّا زَانٍ أَوۡ مُشۡرِكٞۚ
And a female fornicator would only be married to a fornicator or idolater.
وَحُرِّمَ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٣
This is ˹all˺ forbidden to the believers.
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَرۡمُونَ ٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتِ ثُمَّ لَمۡ يَأۡتُواْ بِأَرۡبَعَةِ شُهَدَآءَ
Those who accuse chaste women ˹of adultery˺ and fail to produce four witnesses,
فَٱجۡلِدُوهُمۡ ثَمَٰنِينَ جَلۡدَةٗ
give them eighty lashes ˹each˺.
وَلَا تَقۡبَلُواْ لَهُمۡ شَهَٰدَةً أَبَدٗاۚ
And do not ever accept any testimony from them—
وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ٤
for they are indeed the rebellious—
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ تَابُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ وَأَصۡلَحُواْ
except those who repent afterwards and mend their ways,
فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٥
then surely Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَرۡمُونَ أَزۡوَٰجَهُمۡ
And those who accuse their wives ˹of adultery˺
وَلَمۡ يَكُن لَّهُمۡ شُهَدَآءُ إِلَّآ أَنفُسُهُمۡ
but have no witness except themselves,
فَشَهَٰدَةُ أَحَدِهِمۡ أَرۡبَعُ شَهَٰدَٰتِۭ بِٱللَّهِ
the accuser must testify, swearing four times by Allah
إِنَّهُۥ لَمِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ٦
that he is telling the truth,
وَٱلۡخَٰمِسَةُ
and a fifth oath
أَنَّ لَعۡنَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهِ
that Allah may condemn him
إِن كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَٰذِبِينَ ٧
if he is lying.
وَيَدۡرَؤُاْ عَنۡهَا ٱلۡعَذَابَ
For her to be spared the punishment,
أَن تَشۡهَدَ أَرۡبَعَ شَهَٰدَٰتِۭ بِٱللَّهِ
she must swear four times by Allah
إِنَّهُۥ لَمِنَ ٱلۡكَٰذِبِينَ ٨
that he is telling a lie,
وَٱلْخَٰمِسَةَ
and a fifth oath
أَنَّ غَضَبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْهَآ
that Allah may be displeased with her
إِن كَانَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ٩
if he is telling the truth.
وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ
˹You would have suffered,˺ had it not been for Allah’s grace and mercy upon you,
وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ تَوَّابٌ حَكِيمٌ ١٠
and had Allah not been Accepting of Repentance, All-Wise.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ جَآءُو بِٱلۡإِفۡكِ عُصۡبَةٞ مِّنكُمۡۚ
Indeed, those who came up with that ˹outrageous˺ slander are a group of you.
لَا تَحۡسَبُوهُ شَرّٗا لَّكُمۖ بَلۡ هُوَ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡۚ
Do not think this is bad for you. Rather, it is good for you.
لِكُلِّ ٱمۡرِيٕٖ مِّنۡهُم مَّا ٱكۡتَسَبَ مِنَ ٱلۡإِثۡمِۚ
They will be punished, each according to their share of the sin.
وَٱلَّذِي تَوَلَّىٰ كِبۡرَهُۥ مِنۡهُمۡ لَهُۥ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ١١
As for their mastermind, he will suffer a tremendous punishment.
لَّوۡلَآ إِذۡ سَمِعۡتُمُوهُ
If only the believing men and women had thought well of one another, when you heard this ˹rumour˺,
ظَنَّ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتُ بِأَنفُسِهِمۡ خَيۡرٗا
If only the believing men and women had thought well of one another,
وَقَالُواْ هَٰذَآ إِفۡكٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٢
and said, “This is clearly ˹an outrageous˺ slander!”
لَّوۡلَا جَآءُو عَلَيۡهِ بِأَرۡبَعَةِ شُهَدَآءَۚ
Why did they not produce four witnesses?
فَإِذۡ لَمۡ يَأۡتُواْ بِٱلشُّهَدَآءِ
Now, since they have failed to produce witnesses,
فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡكَٰذِبُونَ ١٣
they are ˹truly˺ liars in the sight of Allah.
وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ
Had it not been for Allah’s grace and mercy upon you in this world and the Hereafter,
لَمَسَّكُمۡ فِي مَآ أَفَضۡتُمۡ فِيهِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ١٤
you would have certainly been touched with a tremendous punishment for what you plunged into—
إِذۡ تَلَقَّوۡنَهُۥ بِأَلۡسِنَتِكُمۡ
when you passed it from one tongue to the other,
وَتَقُولُونَ بِأَفۡوَاهِكُم مَّا لَيۡسَ لَكُم بِهِۦ عِلۡمٞ
and said with your mouths what you had no knowledge of,
وَتَحۡسَبُونَهُۥ هَيِّنٗا
taking it lightly
وَهُوَ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ عَظِيمٞ ١٥
while it is ˹extremely˺ serious in the sight of Allah.
وَلَوۡلَآ إِذۡ سَمِعۡتُمُوهُ قُلۡتُم
If only you had said upon hearing it,
مَّا يَكُونُ لَنَآ أَن نَّتَكَلَّمَ بِهَٰذَا
“How can we speak about such a thing!
سُبۡحَٰنَكَ
Glory be to You ˹O Lord˺!
هَٰذَا بُهۡتَٰنٌ عَظِيمٞ ١٦
This is a heinous slander!”
يَعِظُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ أَن تَعُودُواْ لِمِثۡلِهِۦٓ أَبَدًا
Allah forbids you from ever doing something like this again,
إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٧
if you are ˹true˺ believers.
وَيُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِۚ
And Allah makes ˹His˺ commandments clear to you,
وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ ١٨
for Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحِبُّونَ أَن تَشِيعَ ٱلۡفَٰحِشَةُ فِي ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
Indeed, those who love to see indecency spread among the believers
لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۚ
will suffer a painful punishment in this life and the Hereafter.
وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ وَأَنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ ١٩
Allah knows and you do not know.
وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ
˹You would have suffered,˺ had it not been for Allah’s grace and mercy upon you,
وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ رَءُوفٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٢٠
and had Allah not been Ever Gracious, Most Merciful.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَٰتِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۚ
O believers! Do not follow the footsteps of Satan.
وَمَن يَتَّبِعۡ خُطُوَٰتِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ فَإِنَّهُۥ يَأۡمُرُ بِٱلۡفَحۡشَآءِ وَٱلۡمُنكَرِۚ
Whoever follows Satan’s footsteps, then ˹let them know that˺ he surely bids ˹all to˺ immorality and wickedness.
وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ مَا زَكَىٰ مِنكُم مِّنۡ أَحَدٍ أَبَدٗا
Had it not been for Allah’s grace and mercy upon you, none of you would have ever been purified.
وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُزَكِّي مَن يَشَآءُۗ
But Allah purifies whoever He wills.
وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٞ ٢١
And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
وَلَا يَأۡتَلِ أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡفَضۡلِ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلسَّعَةِ أَن يُؤۡتُوٓاْ أُوْلِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينَ وَٱلۡمُهَٰجِرِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۖ
Do not let the people of virtue and affluence among you swear to suspend donations to their relatives, the needy, and the emigrants in the cause of Allah.
وَلۡيَعۡفُواْ وَلۡيَصۡفَحُوٓاْۗ
Let them pardon and forgive.
أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَن يَغۡفِرَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡۚ
Do you not love to be forgiven by Allah?
وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٌ ٢٢
And Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَرۡمُونَ ٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتِ ٱلۡغَٰفِلَٰتِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ
Surely those who accuse chaste, unsuspecting, believing women
لُعِنُواْ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ
are cursed in this life and the Hereafter.
وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ٢٣
And they will suffer a tremendous punishment
يَوۡمَ تَشۡهَدُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ أَلۡسِنَتُهُمۡ وَأَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَأَرۡجُلُهُم
on the Day their tongues, hands, and feet will testify against them
بِمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٢٤
for what they used to do.
يَوۡمَئِذٖ يُوَفِّيهِمُ ٱللَّهُ دِينَهُمُ ٱلۡحَقَّ
On that Day, Allah will give them their just penalty in full,
وَيَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلۡحَقُّ ٱلۡمُبِينُ ٢٥
and they will ˹come to˺ know that Allah ˹alone˺ is the Ultimate Truth.
ٱلۡخَبِيثَٰتُ لِلۡخَبِيثِينَ وَٱلۡخَبِيثُونَ لِلۡخَبِيثَٰتِۖ
Wicked women are for wicked men, and wicked men are for wicked women.
وَٱلطَّيِّبَٰتُ لِلطَّيِّبِينَ وَٱلطَّيِّبُونَ لِلطَّيِّبَٰتِۚ
And virtuous women are for virtuous men, and virtuous men are for virtuous women.
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مُبَرَّءُونَ مِمَّا يَقُولُونَۖ
The virtuous are innocent of what the wicked say.
لَهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَرِزۡقٞ كَرِيمٞ ٢٦
They will have forgiveness and an honourable provision.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
O believers!
لَا تَدۡخُلُواْ بُيُوتًا غَيۡرَ بُيُوتِكُمۡ
Do not enter any house other than your own
حَتَّىٰ تَسۡتَأۡنِسُواْ وَتُسَلِّمُواْ عَلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهَاۚ
until you have asked for permission and greeted its occupants.
ذَٰلِكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ
This is best for you,
لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ ٢٧
so perhaps you will be mindful.
فَإِن لَّمۡ تَجِدُواْ فِيهَآ أَحَدٗا فَلَا تَدۡخُلُوهَا حَتَّىٰ يُؤۡذَنَ لَكُمۡۖ
If you find no one at home, do not enter it until you have been given permission.
وَإِن قِيلَ لَكُمُ ٱرۡجِعُواْ فَٱرۡجِعُواْۖ
And if you are asked to leave, then leave.
هُوَ أَزۡكَىٰ لَكُمۡۚ
That is purer for you.
وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ عَلِيمٞ ٢٨
And Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of what you do.
لَّيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَدۡخُلُواْ بُيُوتًا غَيۡرَ مَسۡكُونَةٖ
There is no blame on you if you enter public places
فِيهَا مَتَٰعٞ لَّكُمۡۚ
where there is something of benefit for you.
وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ مَا تُبۡدُونَ وَمَا تَكۡتُمُونَ ٢٩
And Allah knows what you reveal and what you conceal.
قُل لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَغُضُّوا مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِمْ وَيَحْفَظُوا فُرُوجَهُمْ
˹O Prophet!˺ Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and guard their chastity.
ذَٰلِكَ أَزْكَىٰ لَهُمْ
That is purer for them.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا يَصْنَعُونَ ٣٠
Surely Allah is All-Aware of what they do.
وَقُل لِّلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ يَغْضُضْنَ مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِنَّ وَيَحْفَظْنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ
And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and guard their chastity,
وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا
and not to reveal their adornments except what normally appears.
وَلْيَضْرِبْنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَىٰ جُيُوبِهِنَّ
Let them draw their veils over their chests,
وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ ءَابَائِهِنَّ أَوْ ءَابَاءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَائِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَاءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ إِخْوَانِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِي إِخْوَانِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِي أَخَوَاتِهِنَّ أَوْ نِسَائِهِنَّ أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُنَّ أَوِ التَّابِعِينَ غَيْرِ أُولِي الْإِرْبَةِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ أَوِ الطِّفْلِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَىٰ عَوْرَاتِ النِّسَاءِ
and not reveal their ˹hidden˺ adornments except to their husbands, their fathers, their fathers-in-law, their sons, their stepsons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons or sisters’ sons, their fellow women, those ˹bondwomen˺ in their possession, male attendants with no desire, or children who are still unaware of women’s nakedness.
وَلَا يَضْرِبْنَ بِأَرْجُلِهِنَّ لِيُعْلَمَ مَا يُخْفِينَ مِن زِينَتِهِنَّ
Let them not stomp their feet, drawing attention to their hidden adornments.
وَتُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ ٣١
Turn to Allah in repentance all together, O believers, so that you may be successful.
وَأَنكِحُواْ ٱلۡأَيَٰمَىٰ مِنكُمۡ وَٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ مِنۡ عِبَادِكُمۡ وَإِمَآئِكُمۡۚ
Marry off the ˹free˺ singles among you, as well as the righteous of your bondmen and bondwomen.
إِن يَكُونُواْ فُقَرَآءَ يُغۡنِهِمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦۗ
If they are poor, Allah will enrich them out of His bounty.
وَٱللَّهُ وَٰسِعٌ عَلِيمٞ ٣٢
For Allah is All-Bountiful, All-Knowing.
وَلۡيَسۡتَعۡفِفِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَجِدُونَ نِكَاحًا
And let those who do not have the means to marry keep themselves chaste
حَتَّىٰ يُغۡنِيَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦۗ
until Allah enriches them out of His bounty.
وَٱلَّذِينَ يَبۡتَغُونَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِمَّا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡ فَكَاتِبُوهُمۡ
And if any of those ˹bondspeople˺ in your possession desires a deed of emancipation, make it possible for them,
إِنۡ عَلِمۡتُمۡ فِيهِمۡ خَيۡرٗاۖ
if you find goodness in them.
وَءَاتُوهُم مِّن مَّالِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِيٓ ءَاتَىٰكُمۡۚ
And give them some of Allah’s wealth which He has granted you.
وَلَا تُكۡرِهُواْ فَتَيَٰتِكُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡبِغَآءِ
Do not force your ˹slave˺ girls into prostitution
إِنۡ أَرَدۡنَ تَحَصُّنٗا
while they wish to remain chaste.
لِّتَبۡتَغُواْ عَرَضَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَاۚ
for your own worldly gains
وَمَن يُكۡرِههُّنَّ
And if someone coerces them,
فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ إِكۡرَٰهِهِنَّ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٣٣
then after such a coercion Allah is certainly All-Forgiving, Most Merciful ˹to them˺.
وَلَقَدۡ أَنزَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكُمۡ ءَايَٰتٖ مُّبَيِّنَٰتٖ
Indeed, We have sent down to you clear revelations,
وَمَثَلٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ خَلَوۡاْ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ
along with examples of those who had gone before you,
وَمَوۡعِظَةٗ لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٣٤
and a lesson to the God-fearing.
ٱللَّهُ نُورُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ
Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth.
مَثَلُ نُورِهِۦ كَمِشۡكَوٰةٖ فِيهَا مِصۡبَاحٌۖ
His light is like a niche in which there is a lamp,
ٱلۡمِصۡبَاحُ فِي زُجَاجَةٍۖ
the lamp is in a crystal,
ٱلزُّجَاجَةُ كَأَنَّهَا كَوۡكَبٞ دُرِّيّٞ
the crystal is like a shining star,
يُوقَدُ مِن شَجَرَةٖ مُّبَٰرَكَةٖ زَيۡتُونَةٖ لَّا شَرۡقِيَّةٖ وَلَا غَرۡبِيَّةٖ
lit from ˹the oil of˺ a blessed olive tree, ˹located˺ neither to the east nor the west,
يَكَادُ زَيۡتُهَا يُضِيٓءُ وَلَوۡ لَمۡ تَمۡسَسۡهُ نَارٞۚ
whose oil would almost glow, even without being touched by fire.
نُّورٌ عَلَىٰ نُورٖۚ
Light upon light!
يَهۡدِي ٱللَّهُ لِنُورِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُۚ
Allah guides whoever He wills to His light.
وَيَضۡرِبُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡأَمۡثَٰلَ لِلنَّاسِۗ
And Allah sets forth parables for humanity.
وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٞ ٣٥
For Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all things.
فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ ٱللَّهُ أَن تُرۡفَعَ
˹That light shines˺ through houses ˹of worship˺ which Allah has ordered to be raised,
وَيُذۡكَرَ فِيهَا ٱسۡمُهُۥ
and where His Name is mentioned.
يُسَبِّحُ لَهُۥ فِيهَا بِٱلۡغُدُوِّ وَٱلۡأٓصَالِ ٣٦
He is glorified there morning and evening
رِجَالٞ لَّا تُلۡهِيهِمۡ تِجَٰرَةٞ وَلَا بَيۡعٌ
by men who are not distracted—either by buying or selling—
عَن ذِكۡرِ ٱللَّهِ
from Allah’s remembrance,
وَإِقَامِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ
or performing prayer,
وَإِيتَآءِ ٱلزَّكَوٰةِ
or paying alms-tax.
يَخَافُونَ يَوۡمٗا تَتَقَلَّبُ فِيهِ ٱلۡقُلُوبُ وَٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرُ ٣٧
They fear a Day when hearts and eyes will tremble,
لِيَجۡزِيَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ أَحۡسَنَ مَا عَمِلُواْ
˹hoping˺ that Allah may reward them according to the best of their deeds,
وَيَزِيدَهُم مِّن فَضۡلِهِۦۗ
and increase them out of His grace.
وَٱللَّهُ يَرۡزُقُ مَن يَشَآءُ بِغَيۡرِ حِسَابٖ ٣٨
And Allah provides for whoever He wills without limit.
وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡ كَسَرَابِۭ بِقِيعَةٖ
As for the disbelievers, their deeds are like a mirage in a desert,
يَحۡسَبُهُ ٱلظَّمۡـَٔانُ مَآءً
which the thirsty perceive as water,
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءَهُۥ لَمۡ يَجِدۡهُ شَيۡـٔٗا
but when they approach it, they find it to be nothing.
وَوَجَدَ ٱللَّهَ عِندَهُۥ فَوَفَّىٰهُ حِسَابَهُۥۗ
Instead, they find Allah there ˹in the Hereafter, ready˺ to settle their account.
وَٱللَّهُ سَرِيعُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٣٩
And Allah is swift in reckoning.
أَوۡ كَظُلُمَٰتٖ فِي بَحۡرٖ لُّجِّيّٖ
Or ˹their deeds are˺ like the darkness in a deep sea,
يَغۡشَىٰهُ مَوۡجٞ مِّن فَوۡقِهِۦ مَوۡجٞ مِّن فَوۡقِهِۦ سَحَابٞۚ
covered by waves upon waves, topped by ˹dark˺ clouds.
ظُلُمَٰتُۢ بَعۡضُهَا فَوۡقَ بَعۡضٍ
Darkness upon darkness!
إِذَآ أَخۡرَجَ يَدَهُۥ لَمۡ يَكَدۡ يَرَىٰهَاۗ
If one stretches out their hand, they can hardly see it.
وَمَن لَّمۡ يَجۡعَلِ ٱللَّهُ لَهُۥ نُورٗا فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن نُّورٍ ٤٠
And whoever Allah does not bless with light will have no light!
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُۥ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ
Do you not see that Allah is glorified by all those in the heavens and the earth,
وَٱلطَّيۡرُ صَٰٓفَّٰتٖۖ
even the birds as they soar?
كُلّٞ قَدۡ عَلِمَ صَلَاتَهُۥ وَتَسۡبِيحَهُۥۗ
Each ˹instinctively˺ knows their manner of prayer and glorification.
وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِمَا يَفۡعَلُونَ ٤١
And Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all they do.
وَلِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ
To Allah ˹alone˺ belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth.
وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٤٢
And to Allah is the final return.
أَلَمۡ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُزۡجِي سَحَابٗا
Do you not see that Allah gently drives the clouds,
ثُمَّ يُؤَلِّفُ بَيۡنَهُۥ
then joins them together,
ثُمَّ يَجۡعَلُهُۥ رُكَامٗا
piling them up into masses,
فَتَرَى ٱلۡوَدۡقَ يَخۡرُجُ مِنۡ خِلَٰلِهِۦ
from which you see raindrops come forth?
وَيُنَزِّلُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مِن جِبَالٖ فِيهَا مِنۢ بَرَدٖ
And He sends down from the sky mountains ˹of clouds˺ loaded with hail,
فَيُصِيبُ بِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَصۡرِفُهُۥ عَن مَّن يَشَآءُۖ
pouring it on whoever He wills and averting it from whoever He wills.
يَكَادُ سَنَا بَرۡقِهِۦ يَذۡهَبُ بِٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرِ ٤٣
The flash of the clouds’ lightning nearly takes away eyesight.
يُقَلِّبُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّيۡلَ وَٱلنَّهَارَۚ
Allah alternates the day and night.
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَعِبۡرَةٗ لِّأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرِ ٤٤
Surely in this is a lesson for people of insight.
وَٱللَّهُ خَلَقَ كُلَّ دَآبَّةٖ مِّن مَّآءٖۖ
And Allah has created from water every living creature.
فَمِنۡهُم مَّن يَمۡشِي عَلَىٰ بَطۡنِهِۦ
Some of them crawl on their bellies,
وَمِنۡهُم مَّن يَمۡشِي عَلَىٰ رِجۡلَيۡنِ
some walk on two legs,
وَمِنۡهُم مَّن يَمۡشِي عَلَىٰٓ أَرۡبَعٖۚ
and some walk on four.
يَخۡلُقُ ٱللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُۚ
Allah creates whatever He wills.
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٤٥
Surely Allah is Most Capable of everything.
لَّقَدۡ أَنزَلۡنَآ ءَايَٰتٖ مُّبَيِّنَٰتٖۚ
We have indeed sent down revelations clarifying ˹the truth˺.
وَٱللَّهُ يَهۡدِي مَن يَشَآءُ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ٤٦
But Allah ˹only˺ guides whoever He wills to the Straight Path.
وَيَقُولُونَ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَبِٱلرَّسُولِ وَأَطَعۡنَا
And the hypocrites say, “We believe in Allah and the Messenger, and we obey.”
ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّىٰ فَرِيقٞ مِّنۡهُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَۚ
Then a group of them turns away soon after that.
وَمَآ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ بِٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٤٧
These are not ˹true˺ believers.
وَإِذَا دُعُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ
And as soon as they are called to Allah and His Messenger
لِيَحۡكُمَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ
so he may judge between them,
إِذَا فَرِيقٞ مِّنۡهُم مُّعۡرِضُونَ ٤٨
a group of them turns away.
وَإِن يَكُن لَّهُمُ ٱلۡحَقُّ
But if the truth is in their favour,
يَأۡتُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِ مُذۡعِنِينَ ٤٩
they come to him, fully submitting.
أَفِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ
Is there a sickness in their hearts?
أَمِ ٱرۡتَابُوآاْ
Or are they in doubt?
أَمۡ يَخَافُونَ أَن يَحِيفَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَرَسُولُهُۥ
Or do they fear that Allah and His Messenger will be unjust to them?
بَلۡ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ ٥٠
In fact, it is they who are the ˹true˺ wrongdoers.
إِنَّمَا كَانَ قَوۡلَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ
The only response of the ˹true˺ believers,
إِذَا دُعُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ لِيَحۡكُمَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ
when they are called to Allah and His Messenger so he may judge between them,
أَن يَقُولُواْ سَمِعۡنَا وَأَطَعۡنَاۚ
is to say, “We hear and obey.”
وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٥١
It is they who will ˹truly˺ succeed.
وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ
For whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger,
وَيَخۡشَ ٱللَّهَ وَيَتَّقۡهِ
and fears Allah and is mindful of Him,
فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَآئِزُونَ ٥٢
then it is they who will ˹truly˺ triumph.
وَأَقۡسَمُواْ بِٱللَّهِ جَهۡدَ أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡ
They swear by Allah their most solemn oaths
لَئِنۡ أَمَرۡتَهُمۡ لَيَخۡرُجُنَّۖ
that if you ˹O Prophet˺ were to command them, they would certainly march forth ˹in Allah’s cause˺.
قُل لَّا تُقۡسِمُواْۖ
Say, “˹You˺ do not ˹have to˺ swear;
طَاعَةٞ مَّعۡرُوفَةٌۚ
your obedience is well known!”
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٥٣
Surely Allah is All-Aware of what you do.”
قُلۡ أَطِيعُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُواْ ٱلرَّسُولَۖ
Say, “Obey Allah and obey the Messenger.
فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيۡهِ مَا حُمِّلَ وَعَلَيۡكُم مَّا حُمِّلۡتُمۡۖ
But if you turn away, then he is only responsible for his duty and you are responsible for yours.
وَإِن تُطِيعُوهُ تَهۡتَدُواْۚ
And if you obey him, you will be ˹rightly˺ guided.
وَمَا عَلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ إِلَّا ٱلۡبَلَٰغُ ٱلۡمُبِينُ ٥٤
The Messenger’s duty is only to deliver ˹the message˺ clearly.”
وَعَدَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ
Allah has promised those of you who believe and do good
لَيَسۡتَخۡلِفَنَّهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ كَمَا ٱسۡتَخۡلَفَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ
that He will certainly make them successors in the land, as He did with those before them;
وَلَيُمَكِّنَنَّ لَهُمۡ دِينَهُمُ ٱلَّذِي ٱرۡتَضَىٰ لَهُمۡ
and will surely establish for them their faith which He has chosen for them;
وَلَيُبَدِّلَنَّهُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ خَوۡفِهِمۡ أَمۡنٗاۚ
and will indeed change their fear into security—
يَعۡبُدُونَنِي لَا يُشۡرِكُونَ بِي شَيۡـٔٗاۚ
˹provided that˺ they worship Me, associating nothing with Me.
وَمَن كَفَرَ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ٥٥
But whoever disbelieves after this ˹promise˺, it is they who will be the rebellious.
وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ
Moreover, establish prayer,
وَءَاتُواْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ
pay alms-tax,
وَأَطِيعُواْ ٱلرَّسُولَ
and obey the Messenger,
لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُرۡحَمُونَ ٥٦
so you may be shown mercy.
لَا تَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مُعۡجِزِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ
Do not think ˹O Prophet˺ that the disbelievers can escape in the land.
وَمَأۡوَىٰهُمُ ٱلنَّارُ
The Fire will be their home.
وَلَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٥٧
Indeed, what an evil destination!
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ
O believers!
لِيَسۡتَـٔۡذِنكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَبۡلُغُواْ ٱلۡحُلُمَ مِنكُمۡ
Let those ˹bondspeople˺ in your possession and those of you who are still under age ask for your permission ˹to come in˺
ثَلَٰثَ مَرَّٰتٖۚ
at three times:
مِّن قَبۡلِ صَلَوٰةِ ٱلۡفَجۡرِ
before dawn prayer,
وَحِينَ تَضَعُونَ ثِيَابَكُم مِّنَ ٱلظَّهِيرَةِ
when you take off your ˹outer˺ clothes at noon,
وَمِنۢ بَعۡدِ صَلَوٰةِ ٱلۡعِشَآءِۚ
and after the late evening prayer.
ثَلَٰثُ عَوۡرَٰتٖ لَّكُمۡۚ
˹These are˺ three times of privacy for you.
لَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَلَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ جُنَاحُۢ بَعۡدَهُنَّۚ
Other than these times, there is no blame on you or them to move freely,
طَوَّٰفُونَ عَلَيۡكُم بَعۡضُكُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖۚ
attending to one another.
كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِۗ
This is how Allah makes the revelations clear to you,
وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٞ ٥٨
for Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
وَإِذَا بَلَغَ ٱلۡأَطۡفَٰلُ مِنكُمُ ٱلۡحُلُمَ فَلۡيَسۡتَـٔۡذِنُواْ
And when your children reach the age of puberty, let them seek permission ˹to come in˺,
كَمَا ٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ
as their seniors do.
كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦۗ
This is how Allah makes His revelations clear to you,
وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٞ ٥٩
for Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
وَٱلۡقَوَٰعِدُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ ٱلَّٰتِي لَا يَرۡجُونَ نِكَاحٗا
As for elderly women past the age of marriage,
فَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَن يَضَعۡنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ
there is no blame on them if they take off their ˹outer˺ garments,
غَيۡرَ مُتَبَرِّجَٰتِۭ بِزِينَةٖۖ
without revealing their adornments.
وَأَن يَسۡتَعۡفِفۡنَ خَيۡرٞ لَّهُنَّۗ
But it is better for them if they avoid this ˹altogether˺.
وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٞ ٦٠
And Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing.
لَّيۡسَ عَلَى ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ حَرَجٞ وَلَا عَلَى ٱلۡأَعۡرَجِ حَرَجٞ وَلَا عَلَى ٱلۡمَرِيضِ حَرَجٞ
There is no restriction on the blind, or the disabled, or the sick.
وَلَا عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِكُمۡ أَن تَأۡكُلُواْ مِنۢ بُيُوتِكُمۡ
Nor on yourselves if you eat from your homes,
أَوۡ بُيُوتِ ءَابَآئِكُمۡ أَوۡ بُيُوتِ أُمَّهَٰتِكُمۡ
or the homes of your fathers, or your mothers,
أَوۡ بُيُوتِ إِخۡوَٰنِكُمۡ أَوۡ بُيُوتِ أَخَوَٰتِكُمۡ
or your brothers, or your sisters,
أَوۡ بُيُوتِ أَعۡمَٰمِكُمۡ أَوۡ بُيُوتِ عَمَّٰتِكُمۡ
or your paternal uncles, or your paternal aunts,
أَوۡ بُيُوتِ أَخۡوَٰلِكُمۡ أَوۡ بُيُوتِ خَٰلَٰتِكُمۡ
or your maternal uncles, or your maternal aunts,
أَوۡ مَا مَلَكۡتُم مَّفَاتِحَهُۥٓ
or from the homes in your trust,
أَوۡ صَدِيقِكُمۡۚ
or ˹the homes of˺ your friends.
لَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَأۡكُلُواْ جَمِيعًا أَوۡ أَشۡتَاتٗاۚ
There is no blame on you eating together or separately.
فَإِذَا دَخَلۡتُم بُيُوتٗا فَسَلِّمُواْ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِكُمۡ تَحِيَّةٗ مِّنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ مُبَٰرَكَةٗ طَيِّبَةٗۚ
However, when you enter houses, greet one another with a greeting ˹of peace˺ from Allah, blessed and good.
كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَعۡقِلُونَ ٦١
This is how Allah makes His revelations clear to you, so perhaps you will understand.
إِنَّمَا ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ
The ˹true˺ believers are only those who believe in Allah and His Messenger,
وَإِذَا كَانُواْ مَعَهُۥ عَلَىٰٓ أَمۡرٖ جَامِعٖ لَّمۡ يَذۡهَبُواْ حَتَّىٰ يَسۡتَـٔۡذِنُوهُۚ
and when they are with him on a public matter, they do not leave without his permission.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَسۡتَـٔۡذِنُونَكَ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦۚ
Indeed, those who ask your permission ˹O Prophet˺ are the ones who ˹truly˺ believe in Allah and His Messenger.
فَإِذَا ٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنُوكَ لِبَعۡضِ شَأۡنِهِمۡ فَأۡذَن لِّمَن شِئۡتَ مِنۡهُمۡ
So when they ask your permission for a private matter, grant permission to whoever you wish
وَٱسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمُ ٱللَّهَۚ
and ask Allah’s forgiveness for them.
إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٦٢
Surely Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
لَّا تَجۡعَلُواْ دُعَآءَ ٱلرَّسُولِ بَيۡنَكُمۡ كَدُعَآءِ بَعۡضِكُم بَعۡضٗاۚ
Do not treat the Messenger’s summons to you ˹as lightly˺ as your summons to one another.
قَدۡ يَعۡلَمُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَسَلَّلُونَ مِنكُمۡ لِوَاذٗاۚ
Allah certainly knows those of you who slip away, hiding behind others.
فَلۡيَحۡذَرِ ٱلَّذِينَ يُخَالِفُونَ عَنۡ أَمۡرِهِۦٓ
So let those who disobey his orders beware,
أَن تُصِيبَهُمۡ فِتۡنَةٌ أَوۡ يُصِيبَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ ٦٣
for an affliction may befall them, or a painful torment may overtake them.
أَلَآ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ
Surely to Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth.
قَدۡ يَعۡلَمُ مَآ أَنتُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ
He knows well what you stand for.
وَيَوۡمَ يُرۡجَعُونَ إِلَيۡهِ
And ˹on˺ the Day all will be returned to Him,
فَيُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُواْۗ
He will inform them of what they did.
وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمُۢ ٦٤
For Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all things.