Verse 4:153 came down about the Jews. They told the Prophet that if he really was a prophet, he should bring them a whole book from heaven all at once, as Moses had done. Allah then revealed this verse. Al-Wahidi names no source for the report, but al-Fahl's footnote traces it to a statement by al-Suddi and gives no grade.

Verse 4:166 came down about the leaders of Mecca, according to al-Kalbi. They came to the Prophet and said they had asked the Jews about him, and the Jews claimed not to know him. They then asked him to bring someone to testify that Allah had sent him to them as a messenger, and this verse was revealed. Al-Fahl gives no verdict on the report. He notes only that al-Samarqandi also cites it.

Al-Wahidi says verse 4:171 came down about groups of Christians who said that Jesus was the son of Allah. For verse 4:172, al-Kalbi says a delegation from Najran asked the Prophet why he found fault with their master, Jesus. The Prophet asked what he said about him. They said he called Jesus Allah's servant and messenger. The Prophet told them it was no disgrace for Jesus to be a servant of Allah. They replied that it was, and the verse came down. Neither report carries a grade from al-Fahl.

Al-Wahidi reports from Jabir that this verse came down about him. Jabir fell ill, and the Prophet visited him. He had seven sisters and asked whether he should bequeath two-thirds of his estate to them, then half. Each time the Prophet told him to hold back. The Prophet later returned and told Jabir that he did not think he would die of this illness. He said Allah had revealed this verse and made clear his sisters' share, giving them two-thirds. Al-Fahl grades the chain sound.

Verse 5:2 came down about al-Hutam, Shurayh ibn Dubay'ah al-Kindi, al-Wahidi reports from Ibn Abbas. He visited the Prophet in Madinah but did not accept Islam, and on leaving he drove off Madinah's grazing herds. Later he came on pilgrimage with those animals garlanded as offerings for the Kaaba. When the Muslims set out after him, Allah revealed the verse. Zayd ibn Aslam gives a different report. At al-Hudaybiyah, after the idolaters had barred the Muslims from the Kaaba, some idolaters passed by on their way to perform umrah. The Companions wanted to bar them in turn, and the verse came down forbidding this.

Al-Wahidi says the words "Today I have perfected your faith for you" in verse 5:3 came down on a Friday, the Day of Arafah, after the afternoon prayer during the Farewell Pilgrimage in the year 10. The Prophet was standing at Arafat on his camel al-Adba. He reports from Tariq ibn Shihab that a Jewish man told Umar that if this verse had come down to the Jews, they would have made that day a festival. Umar replied that he knew the day and the hour it was revealed: the evening of Arafah, on a Friday. Al-Bukhari and Muslim both record this report. A similar report from Ibn Abbas says the verse came down on two festivals that fell on one day. Al-Fahl notes that the well-preserved version is Umar's.

Verse 5:4 came down about hunting dogs. Al-Wahidi reports from Abu Rafi that the Prophet ordered him to kill the dogs of Madinah after Gabriel said angels do not enter a house with a dog in it. People then asked what they were allowed to keep from these animals, and the verse was revealed. Afterwards the Prophet allowed keeping useful dogs. Al-Fahl says one narrator in this chain is weak. Sa'id ibn Jubayr gives a different report: Adi ibn Hatim and Zayd al-Khayl, who hunted with dogs and falcons, asked which kills were lawful, since some game died before they could slaughter it.

Al-Wahidi reports from Jabir that a man of Muharib named Ghawrath ibn al-Harith took the Prophet's sword and asked him, "Do you not fear me?" The Prophet answered, "Allah will protect me from you." Ghawrath then sheathed the sword and gave it back, and this verse came down. Al-Fahl grades that chain weak. A second report from Jabir, which al-Fahl grades sound, tells of a Bedouin who took the Prophet's sword from a tree. The Prophet answered "Allah" each time the Bedouin asked who would protect him. Mujahid, al-Kalbi and Ikrimah instead say that the Banu al-Nadir plotted to drop a millstone on the Prophet when he came to ask their help with blood money. Allah held back the man's hand, and Gabriel warned the Prophet.

Verse 5:33 came down about a group from the tribes of Ukl and Urayna, in a report from Anas. They came to the Prophet and fell ill in Medina's climate. He gave them camels and a herdsman and told them to drink the camels' milk and urine. Once they recovered, they killed the herdsman and drove off the camels. The Prophet sent men after them, and they were caught and punished. The link to the verse comes from Qatada, who says only that he was told it was revealed about them. Al-Fahl traces the story to Sahih Muslim and others but notes that Muslim's version lacks Qatada's remark.

Verse 5:38 came down about Tu'mah ibn Ubayriq, who stole a coat of armour, according to al-Kalbi. Al-Wahidi adds that he told Tu'mah's story earlier in the book. The editor notes that al-Samarqandi cites this report and that Abu Hayyan attributes it to al-Sa'ib ibn Yazid. He gives no grade for it. Al-Wahidi reports nothing for verses 5:39-40.

Al-Wahidi reports from al-Bara ibn Azib, in a narration also found in Muslim's Sahih, that a Jewish man was brought past the Prophet with his face blackened, after being flogged for adultery. Under oath, a Jewish scholar admitted that the Torah prescribed stoning. He said they had replaced it with blackening and flogging because adultery had become common among their nobles. The Prophet ordered stoning, and Allah revealed these verses. Al-Bara applied the 'disbelievers' ending to the Jews and the 'wrongdoers' ending to the Christians. A second report from Abu Hurayrah says some Jews brought an adultery case hoping for a lighter ruling. Al-Zuhri heard that verse 5:44 came down about them. Al-Fahl grades this chain weak.

Verse 5:49 came down about a group of Jews, among them Ka'b ibn Asad, Abdullah ibn Suriya and Shas ibn Qays. Al-Wahidi reports from Ibn Abbas that they plotted to turn the Prophet away from his religion. They came to him and said that they were the rabbis and nobles of the Jews, and that if they followed him, the other Jews would follow too. They then asked him to rule in their favour in a dispute with another people, and in return they would believe in him. The Prophet refused, and Allah revealed about them the warning to beware of their luring him away from some of what Allah had revealed to him.

Verses 5:51-52 came down, al-Wahidi reports from Atiyyah al-Awfi, about Ubadah ibn al-Samit and Abd Allah ibn Ubayy. Ubadah told the Prophet that he had many powerful Jewish allies, but he renounced their alliance and turned to Allah and His Messenger. Ibn Ubayy said he feared a turn of fortune and would not give up his Jewish allies. The Prophet told him he could keep the alliance that Ubadah had given up, and he accepted. Verse 5:52's 'those with sickness in their hearts' is said to mean Ibn Ubayy.

Verses 5:55-56 came down about Abdullah ibn Salam and other Jews who had become Muslim. Al-Wahidi reports from Jabir ibn Abdullah that Abdullah ibn Salam complained to the Prophet. His people from Qurayzah and al-Nadir had cut them off and sworn never to sit with them, and they lived too far away to sit with the Prophet's Companions. When the verse came down, they said they were content with Allah, His Messenger and the believers as allies. Al-Kalbi says the same and adds that the end of the verse came down about Ali ibn Abi Talib, who gave his ring to a beggar while bowing in prayer. A report from Ibn Abbas tells this ring story at length. Al-Fahl grades that report fabricated.

Al-Wahidi reports from Ibn Abbas that verse 5:57 came down about Rifa'ah ibn Zayd and Suwayd ibn al-Harith. They had professed Islam and then turned hypocrite, yet some Muslims stayed friendly with them. For verse 5:58, al-Kalbi says Jews mocked the Muslims whenever the call to prayer was made. Al-Suddi says it concerned a Christian in Medina who cursed the caller to prayer and later burned to death with his family. Others say disbelievers scorned the call to prayer as a new invention. Ibn Abbas says verse 5:59 came down after some Jews rejected Jesus when the Prophet affirmed him, and called the Muslims' religion the worst.

All four reports are about verse 5:67. Al-Hasan says the Prophet felt burdened by his mission and feared Quraysh, the Jews and the Christians, so the verse came down. Abu Said al-Khudri says it came down at Ghadir Khumm about Ali ibn Abi Talib. Aishah says that one night the Prophet could not sleep and wished for a guard. Sad and Hudhayfah came to guard him. When the verse came down, he told the people to leave, since Allah would protect him. Ibn Abbas says Abu Talib sent men of Banu Hashim to guard him each day until the verse came down. Al-Fahl grades this last chain weak and its text objectionable.